财务数据F10－－买股票真谛

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在股票买卖中通常有二种方法：一是纯技术方法，二是看企业基本面的方法。
纯技术方法对于大多数来说是不能比较好地掌握的，只有握有控盘资金和极少数天才能自由发挥，就是如此，也不能说任何人有绝对的胜算，毕竟指标是简单的数学模型，无法预测人的行为，更何况编写指标所能提供的函数比较弱小呢！技术方法仅能给人们提供买点概率性的参考，这种参考以月k线为高，其余周期逐渐减弱。选择股票的买入点可以参考技术指标，但不要依此选择股票。选择股票因该着眼于`！、，D`！BB、产业政策、企业经营环境和企业的财务指标！该指标就是基于企业财务数据编写，让人们在看k线的同时看企业近几年的财务数据，而不用去麻烦地翻看F10。数据主要选择了比较能反映企业发展能力、获利能力、现金流量等指标。
依此，可以加入复合增长率，评价标准等等！
依据良好的财务指标被您选中的股票，在时机等待中你会成为巴菲特；凭追逐热点按技术指标操作你可能是打工者或是赌客，胜者永远是小概率的！

指标内容（指标详细的解释在图中文字中）：
■ 主营业务增长率；
■ 净资产增长率；
■ 销售毛利率 ；
■ 三项费用比重；
■ 营业利润比重；
■ 每股经营现金流量
源码如下：

IF BARSTATUS=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,5,str(YEAR)),LINETHICK2,ColorWhite;
IF BARSTATUS=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(225,5,str(YEAR-1)),LINETHICK2,ColorWhite;
IF BARSTATUS=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(325,5,str(YEAR-2)),LINETHICK2,ColorWhite;
IF BARSTATUS=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(425,5,str(YEAR-3)),LINETHICK2,ColorWhite;
IF BARSTATUS=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(525,5,str(YEAR-4)),LINETHICK2,ColorWhite;

DRAWTEXTABS(0,25,'■主营业务增长率');
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=1 then BEGIN DRAWTEXTABS(125,25,str(PFFIN(1601,0))),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(225,25,str(PFFIN(1601,1))),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(325,25,str(PFFIN(1601,5))),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(425,25,str(PFFIN(1601,9))),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(525,25,str(PFFIN(1601,13))),ColorRed;
END;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,25,str(PFFIN(1601,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,2))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,6))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,10))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,14))),ColorRed;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=3 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,25,str(PFFIN(1601,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,3))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,7))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,11))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,15))),ColorRed;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=4 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,25,' '+str(PFFIN(1601,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,4))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,8))+' '+str(PFFIN(1601,12))),ColorRed;

DRAWTEXTABS(0,40,'■净资产增长率'),Color00cccc;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=1 then BEGIN DRAWTEXTABS(125,40,str(PFFIN(1605,0))),Color00cccc;
DRAWTEXTABS(225,40,str(PFFIN(1605,1))),Color00cccc;
DRAWTEXTABS(325,40,str(PFFIN(1605,5))),Color00cccc;
DRAWTEXTABS(425,40,str(PFFIN(1605,9))),Color00cccc;
DRAWTEXTABS(525,40,str(PFFIN(1605,13))),Color00cccc;
END;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,40,str(PFFIN(1605,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,2))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,6))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,10))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,14))),Color00cccc;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=3 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,40,str(PFFIN(1605,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,3))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,7))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,11))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,15))),Color00cccc;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=4 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,40,' '+str(PFFIN(1605,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,4))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,8))+' '+str(PFFIN(1605,12))),Color00cccc;

DRAWTEXTABS(0,60,'■销售毛利率 '),ColorBlue;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=1 then BEGIN DRAWTEXTABS(125,60,str(PFFIN(1659,0))),ColorBlue;
DRAWTEXTABS(225,60,str(PFFIN(1659,1))),ColorBlue;
DRAWTEXTABS(325,60,str(PFFIN(1659,5))),ColorBlue;
DRAWTEXTABS(425,60,str(PFFIN(1659,9))),ColorBlue;
DRAWTEXTABS(525,60,str(PFFIN(1659,13))),ColorBlue;
END;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,60,str(PFFIN(1659,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,2))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,6))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,10))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,14))),ColorBlue;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=3 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,60,str(PFFIN(1659,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,3))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,7))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,11))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,15))),ColorBlue;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=4 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,60,' '+str(PFFIN(1659,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,4))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,8))+' '+str(PFFIN(1659,12))),ColorBlue;

DRAWTEXTABS(0,80,'■三项费用比重'),Colorff0099;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=1 then BEGIN DRAWTEXTABS(125,80,str(PFFIN(1660,0))),Colorff0099;
DRAWTEXTABS(225,80,str(PFFIN(1660,1))),Colorff0099;
DRAWTEXTABS(325,80,str(PFFIN(1660,5))),Colorff0099;
DRAWTEXTABS(425,80,str(PFFIN(1660,9))),Colorff0099;
DRAWTEXTABS(525,80,str(PFFIN(1660,13))),Colorff0099;
END;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,80,str(PFFIN(1660,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,2))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,6))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,10))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,14))),Colorff0099;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=3 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,80,str(PFFIN(1660,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,3))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,7))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,11))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,15))),Colorff0099;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=4 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,80,' '+str(PFFIN(1660,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,4))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,8))+' '+str(PFFIN(1660,12))),Colorff0099;{反应公式管理水平和成本费用控制能力}

DRAWTEXTABS(0,100,'■营业利润比重'),Color0055ff;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=1 then BEGIN DRAWTEXTABS(125,100,str(PFFIN(1665,0))),Color0055ff;
DRAWTEXTABS(225,100,str(PFFIN(1665,1))),Color0055ff;
DRAWTEXTABS(325,100,str(PFFIN(1665,5))),Color0055ff;
DRAWTEXTABS(425,100,str(PFFIN(1665,9))),Color0055ff;
DRAWTEXTABS(525,100,str(PFFIN(1665,13))),Color0055ff;
END;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,100,str(PFFIN(1665,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,2))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,6))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,10))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,14))),Color0055ff;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=3 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,100,str(PFFIN(1665,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,3))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,7))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,11))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,15))),Color0055ff;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=4 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,100,' '+str(PFFIN(1665,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,4))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,8))+' '+str(PFFIN(1665,12))),Color0055ff;

DRAWTEXTABS(0,120,'■每股经营现金流量'),ColorGreen;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=1 then BEGIN DRAWTEXTABS(125,120,str(PFFIN(1755,0))),ColorGreen;
DRAWTEXTABS(225,120,str(PFFIN(1755,1))),ColorGreen;
DRAWTEXTABS(325,120,str(PFFIN(1755,5))),ColorGreen;
DRAWTEXTABS(425,120,str(PFFIN(1755,9))),ColorGreen;
DRAWTEXTABS(525,120,str(PFFIN(1755,13))),ColorGreen;
END;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=2 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,120,str(PFFIN(1755,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,2))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,6))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,10))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,14))),ColorGreen;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=3 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,120,str(PFFIN(1755,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,3))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,7))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,11))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,15))),ColorGreen;
IF BARSTATUS=2 and PFFINTERM(0)=4 then DRAWTEXTABS(125,120,' '+str(PFFIN(1755,0))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,4))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,8))+' '+str(PFFIN(1755,12))),ColorGreen;

DRAWTEXTABS(0,150,'① 净资产增长率： 是(期末净资产一期初净资产)/期初净资产,是企业发展能力的一个指标，反应企业资产保值增值的情况。'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(0,165,'② 三项费用分别是：销售费用、管理费用、账务费用：'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,180,' 销售费用：销售商品过程中发生的费用包括：运输费、装卸费、包装费、保险费、广告费、展览费、租赁费（不包括融资租赁费），以及为销售商品而专设的销售机构职工工资、业务费、'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,195,' 福利费、办公费、差旅费、折旧费、修理费、物料消耗、低值易耗品的摊销等经常费用都可记入营业费用，但生产性公*不能将其记入营业费用，而是记入材料成本。'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,210,' 财务费用：为公*筹集和使用资金过程中所发生的费用，包括利息收支、汇兑损益、相关手续费，以及筹资发生的其他财务费用。非所有的贷款利息都应记入财务费用，例如企业筹建期'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,225,' 间发生的开办费用要记入长期待摊费用 。'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,240,' 管理费用：行政管理部门产生的各种费用。其中包括折旧，如无形资产、长期资产、待摊费用摊销；一些税费，如车船使用税、工会经费、待业保险费、劳动保险费、董事会会费、土地使'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,255,' 用税、房产税、印花税；行政管理部门发生的日常开支，或者应由公*统一负担的公*经费、聘请中介机构费、咨询费、诉讼费、业务招待费、技术转让费、矿产资源补偿费、'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(20,270,' 职工教育经费、研究开发费、排污费、存货盘亏或盘盈、提取的坏帐准备等。该项费用与销售收入的比重可以体现一家企业的行政管理效率。'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(0,285,'③ 营业利润比重：为营业利润／利润总额×100％。数值高说明主营业务突出，生产经营稳定，指标低于50％，说明收入大部分来自主营业务之外，经营结构不够合理，预警信号产生。'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(0,300,'④ 每股现金流量：指本期现金净流量与股本总额的比值，如该比值为正数且较大时，派发的现金红利的期望值就越大，若为负值派发的红利的压力就较大。另外，注意三个指标：⑴经营活动产生的'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(0,315,' 现金净流量：反映企业有能力扩大生产经营规模，增加市场占有的份额，开发新产品并改变产品结构，培育新的利润增长点。⑵净利润现金含量：生产经营中产生的现金净流量与'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(0,330,' 净利润的比值。表明销售回款能力较强，成本费用底，财务压力小。⑶主营收入现金含量：指销售产品、提供劳务收到的现金与主营业务收入的比值。表明企业的产品、劳务畅销、'),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(0,345,' 市场占有率高。'),ColorWhite;

{*******另一种方法（优点克服财务数据不连续问题，缺点运算速度慢）**************}
{VARIABLE:N[16]=0;
VARIABLE:M[6]=0;
VARIABLE:j=1;
REFLINE: 0,10,20,30,40,50,60;

IF BARSTATUS=2 THEN BEGIN
N[1]:=PFFINTERM(0);
N[2]:=PFFINTERM(1);
N[3]:=PFFINTERM(2);
N[4]:=PFFINTERM(3);
N[5]:=PFFINTERM(4);
N[6]:=PFFINTERM(5);
N[7]:=PFFINTERM(6);
N[8]:=PFFINTERM(7);
N[9]:=PFFINTERM(8);
N[10]:=PFFINTERM(9);
N[11]:=PFFINTERM(10);
N[12]:=PFFINTERM(11);
N[13]:=PFFINTERM(12);
N[14]:=PFFINTERM(13);
N[15]:=PFFINTERM(14);
N[16]:=PFFINTERM(15);
END;

FOR i=2 TO 16 DO IF N[i]=4 THEN BEGIN M[j]:=i-1;j:=1+j;END;

k11:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1601,M[1]),0);
k12:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1605,M[1]),0);
k13:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1655,M[1]),0);
k14:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1659,M[1]),0);
k15:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1665,M[1]),0);
k16:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1755,M[1]),0);

k21:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1601,M[2]),0);
k22:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1605,M[2]),0);
k23:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1655,M[2]),0);
k24:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1659,M[2]),0);
k25:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1665,M[2]),0);
k26:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1755,M[2]),0);

k31:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1601,M[3]),0);
k32:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1605,M[3]),0);
k33:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1655,M[3]),0);
k34:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1659,M[3]),0);
k35:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1665,M[3]),0);
k36:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1755,M[3]),0);

k41:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1601,M[4]),0);
k42:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1605,M[4]),0);
k43:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1655,M[4]),0);
k44:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1659,M[4]),0);
k45:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1665,M[4]),0);
k46:=IF(BARSTATUS=2,PFFIN(1755,M[4]),0);

DRAWTEXTABS(5,5,' ■主营业务增长率 ■净资产增长率 ■营业利润率 ■销售毛利率 ■营业利润比重 ■每股经营现金流量'),LINETHICK1;
DRAWTEXTABS(5,25,str(YEAR)),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(65,25,str(PFFIN(1601,0))),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(220,25,str(PFFIN(1605,0))),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(365,25,str(PFFIN(1655,0))),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(495,25,str(PFFIN(1659,0))),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(630,25,str(PFFIN(1665,0))),ColorWhite;
DRAWTEXTABS(775,25,str(PFFIN(1755,0))),ColorWhite;

DRAWTEXTABS(5,45,str(YEAR-1)),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(65,45,NUMTOSTR(k11)),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(220,45,NUMTOSTR(k12)),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(365,45,NUMTOSTR(k13)),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(495,45,NUMTOSTR(k14)),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(630,45,NUMTOSTR(k15)),ColorRed;
DRAWTEXTABS(775,45,NUMTOSTR(k16)),ColorRed;

DRAWTEXTABS(5,65,str(YEAR-2)),ColorYellow;
DRAWTEXTABS(65,65,NUMTOSTR(k21)),ColorYellow;
DRAWTEXTABS(220,65,NUMTOSTR(k22)),ColorYellow;
DRAWTEXTABS(365,65,NUMTOSTR(k23)),ColorYellow;
DRAWTEXTABS(495,65,NUMTOSTR(k24)),ColorYellow;
DRAWTEXTABS(630,65,NUMTOSTR(k25)),ColorYellow;
DRAWTEXTABS(775,65,NUMTOSTR(k26)),ColorYellow;

DRAWTEXTABS(5,85,str(YEAR-3)),Color399c7f;
DRAWTEXTABS(65,85,NUMTOSTR(k31)),Color399c7f;
DRAWTEXTABS(220,85,NUMTOSTR(k32)),Color399c7f;
DRAWTEXTABS(365,85,NUMTOSTR(k33)),Color399c7f;
DRAWTEXTABS(495,85,NUMTOSTR(k34)),Color399c7f;
DRAWTEXTABS(630,85,NUMTOSTR(k35)),Color399c7f;
DRAWTEXTABS(775,85,NUMTOSTR(k36)),Color399c7f;

DRAWTEXTABS(5,105,str(YEAR-4)),Colore66878;
DRAWTEXTABS(65,105,NUMTOSTR(k41)),Colore66878;
DRAWTEXTABS(220,105,NUMTOSTR(k42)),Colore66878;
DRAWTEXTABS(365,105,NUMTOSTR(k43)),Colore66878;
DRAWTEXTABS(495,105,NUMTOSTR(k44)),Colore66878;
DRAWTEXTABS(630,105,NUMTOSTR(k45)),Colore66878;
DRAWTEXTABS(775,105,NUMTOSTR(k46)),Colore66878;

}

指标截图：

 

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